hey again, here discussed the contributions of the various life sciences too the OB and also talked about OB model where we do analysis in a systematic approach in a simple terms with an examples. why to wait, straight dive into the topic
The following
are the disciplines those contribute to the OB field.
1.Psychology on an individual level
2. social psychology when an individual
in groups
3. sociology when these groups come together
to achieve a goal in an organization system.
4. anthropology is the study of the
socities to learn about these individual and their activities
To understand
the organizational behavior we analyze them in three levels(individual, group,
organizational) in a 3 step model known as OB model.
As we know
there is a discrimination as per the skin color, race and sex too these are all
cant be ruled out these are all still exist, for an example a newly appointed person
was discriminated and bullied because of color or race ,
what happens to
him?
What would be
his emotional state?
how well he can work effectively?
The mood
changes his emotional state changes to depression he might joined with sense of
enthusiasm and pride, but now no more, this process of individual lead to an adverse
outcomes of
1.
Negative attitude towards work.
2.
Task performance reduces.
3.
May develops with drawl behavior.
4.
Cant work effectively in groups
5.
May lacks group cohesion.
6.
It may affect the productivity at organizational level.
Generally
the behaviors that are shaped by individual’s genetic inheritance and childhood
environment, are personality , individual diversity characteristics and values
that becomes a process in an organization depending on situations that he is
facing and this process leads to an outcome of attitudes generation and citizenship
behaviors etc…
Let us
consider john miller, he is typical hard working guy from childhood as his
father has business with wide variety of people work there from childhood he is
habitual to the diversity as his father is hardworking he also developed hardworking
skills and this guy is a very good football player from childhood he lead the
team for the victories so many times ect..
this guy
has joined new firm with good diversity characteristics , personality traits
and he worked happily and enjoyed the work and
also took very good decisions when challenge comes
and this
yielded a positive attitude and very good task performance and developed
citizenship behavior. Inturn this improves productivity of the organization
this is the ultimate of organization.
We can
clearly understand that how behaviors of persons became processes and then
cause outcomes that may be positive or adverse. This is what OB MODEL talks
about it is a process of analysis of 3levels of people in 3 steps.
A model is an
abstraction of reality, a simplified representation of some realworld
phenomenon, It proposes three types of variables (inputs, processes, and typically
assigned immediately before or after a group is formed. Finally, organizational
structure and culture are usually the result of years of development and change
as the organization adapts to its environment and builds up customs and norms.
Inputs are the variables like personality, group
structure, and organizational culture that lead to processes. These variables
set the stage for what will occur in an organization later. Many are determined
in advance of the employment relationship
Processes If inputs are like the nouns in
organizational behavior, processes are like verbs. Processes are actions that
individuals, groups, and organizations engage in as a result of inputs and that
lead to certain outcomes.
Outcomes are the key variables that you want to
explain or predict, and that are affected by some other variables. What are the
primary outcomes in OB? Scholars have emphasized individual-level outcomes like
attitudes and satisfaction, task performance, citizenship behavior, and
withdrawal behavior
Some of
the outcomes are defined below.
Attitudes and Stress
Employee attitudes are the evaluations employees make, ranging from
positive to negative, about objects, people, or events. For example, the
statement, “I really think my job is great,” is a positive job attitude, and
“My job is boring and tedious” is a negative job attitude. Stress is an
unpleasant psychological process that occurs in response to environmental
pressures.
Task Performance The combination of
effectiveness and efficiency at doing your core job tasks is a reflection of your
level of task performance. If we think about the job of a factory worker, task
performance could be measured by the number and quality of products produced in
an hour. The task performance of a teacher would be the level of education that
students obtain.
Citizenship Behavior The discretionary
behavior that is not part of an employee’s formal job requirements, and that
contributes to the psychological and social environment of the workplace, is
called citizenship behavior.
Withdrawal Behavior We’ve already mentioned
behavior that goes above and beyond task requirements, but what about behavior
that in some way is below task requirements? Withdrawal behavior is the set of
actions that employees take to separate themselves from the organization.
To conclude organizational
behavior is the most neglected field once but has the companies becoming the
multinational and seeking the more working hours from their workers this is the
high time to understand their people to achieve their goal effectively..
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